Interconnected+Elements+-+Comprehension,+Vocabulary,+Alphabetics,+Fluency


 * Performance Indicators & Descriptors**

**Pre-K-2**
Students read texts, within a grade appropriate span of text complexity, and apply their knowledge and strategies of comprehension, vocabulary, alphabetics, and fluency.

a. Use **comprehension strategies** to understand texts within a grade appropriate span of text complexity.
 * [|BusyTeachersCafe: Comprehension Strategies]

b. **Develop vocabulary** using knowledge of word parts and relationships among words including action words and different words that describe similar meanings.
 * [|Putting Reading First: K-3: Developing Vocabulary]

c. Demonstrate **phonemic awareness** and use **phonics** to decode new words.
 * [|Free Reading]

d. **Read fluently** and accurately with appropriate pacing and expression.
 * [|ReadingRockets: Reading Fluency]

e. Demonstrate comprehension by making logical **predictions** based on text or stating connections made.
 * [|Education World: Making Predictions]
 * [|Reading Aloud to Support Comprehension in Primary Grades]
 * [|Read for Meaning: Tutoring Elementary Students to Enhance Comprehension]

=**3**=

Students read and draw conclusions from texts, within a grade appropriate span of text complexity, by applying their knowledge and strategies of comprehension, vocabulary, alphabetics, and fluency.

a. Use a range of strategies as they read including constant monitoring, searching, connecting, and inferring to deepen their understanding of text (s).

b. Demonstrate ownership of appropriate vocabulary by effectively using a word in different contexts and for different purposes.

c. Determine the meaning of unknown words by using a including using the ontext of the text, word connections, and a dictionary.

d. Use phonics including syllable types, word parts, word families and common prefixes and suffixes to read fluently and build meaning as they read.

e. Fluently and accurately read text, within a grade appropriate span of text complexity, using appropriate pacing, phrasing, intonation, and expression.

f. Demonstrate comprehension of text(s) by stating connections or inferences made.